Documents

Biomass is the major source of energy in most developing countries. However, there are concerns about the sustainability of biomass supplies and the environmental impacts resulting from their use. Use of residues could contribute to ensuring sustainable supply of biomass energy. This study presents findings of an evaluation of the energy potential of agricultural and forest residues in Uganda using census data of the year 2008/2009. Annual productions of crop and forest residues were estimated using residue-to-product ratio (RPR) method.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are emphatic on the role of energy for development, with a target to ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services to about 1.3 billion people without electricity access, and to increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. For remote rural communities in developing countries, where grid extension is often expensive, decentralized biomass mini-grids can be a reliable electricity supply solution.

Assessment of biomass residue availability and bioenergy yields in Ghana

More effective cross-sectoral “nexus” cooperation would improve the sustainable management of natural

Finally, four Annexes (135-139) are available in the folder entitled Risk Mapping and E-Readiness Survey. With the COVID-19 pandemic impacting severely the project, a decision to undertake a risk mapping exercise and an online E-readiness evaluation with all CoEs to identify applying distance and on-line learning modalities for the remainder of the project.

The reports on the Impact and the Monitoring & Evaluation undertaken by two external consultants can be found in Annexes 133 and 134. The importance of Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) as well as Impact Study were recognized during the implementation phase of the project. The objective of the M&E activity was to contribute to the development and implementation of a Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for ACEWATER II HCD activities of Pilot Courses and the Mobility and Exchange of staff and students.

Concerning WANWATCE, Phase I deliverables are provided in Annexes 112-118 from Burkina Faso, Ghana, the two CoEs in Nigeria (NWRI, UNIBEN) and Senegal. These reports correspond to the Desk-study assessments as well as National Frameworks for each country. It should be noted nthat although surveys and desk studies contributed to the identification of gap and needs for HCD, validation was not implemented in Burkina Faso. Finally, Annexes 119-132 contain reports and the 13 developed course materials within the WANWATCE network.

PHASE I Annexes:

Annexes 74-81 correspond to deliverables from CEANWATCE with the relevant reports from the following countries: Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and Uganda. Phase I consists of reports on the desk study and gap analysis as well as the national Human Capacity Development (HCD) Frameworks, while Phase II deliverables are final reports on the implementation of the HCD trainings, with the nine developed course materials.

CEANWATCE Annexes:

PHASE I Annexes:

Concerning WANWATCE, Phase I deliverables are provided in Annexes 112-118 from Burkina Faso, Ghana, the two CoEs in Nigeria (NWRI, UNIBEN) and Senegal. These reports correspond to the Desk-study assessments as well as National Frameworks for each country. It should be noted nthat although surveys and desk studies contributed to the identification of gap and needs for HCD, validation was not implemented in Burkina Faso. Finally, Annexes 119-132 contain reports and the 13 developed course materials within the WANWATCE network.
 

SANWATCE Annexes:

The report summarizes the key ACEWATER2 project scientific achievements of the activities implemented by the African CoEs (Centers of Excellence), supporting Institutions, leading experts and the JRC. The outcomes of few ongoing research projects at JRC complements the overall framework. The first three chapters focus on the analysis of the WEFE (Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystem) nexus assessment at regional scale over the two formerly existing networks of CoE, in Western and Southern Africa, and the 2018 newly established network of CoE in CentralEastern Africa.

- Annex 71: Farinosi F., Gonzalez-Sanchez, D., Crestaz E., Cordano E., Carmona-Moreno C., Bidoglio G., 2017. Towards an African Atlas of Water Energy Food Cooperation – Data collection. JRC Technical Report, JRC108695, Ispra, European Commission

- Annex 69: Crestaz E., Cordano E., Ronco P., Farinosi F., Ameztoy I., Iervolino, A. González Sánchez D., Carmona Moreno C., 2017. ACEWATER2 Regional Hydro-Climatology Database Prototype. JRC Technical Report, JRC109900, Ispra, European Commission

The report addresses a twofold objective, in order to provide an overview of:

- the Human Capacity Development (HCD) priorities in the water sector in Africa;
- the Development Priorities of the Water Sector placed in the context of Agri-Energy sectors

- Annex 66: Mbaziira R., 2021. Volume I: Draft Report on Human Capacity Development priorities in the Water Sector in Africa. ACEWATER2 report JRC123098 (Main deliverable)

The general objective of the present report is to frame the state-of-the-art on the geothermal resource development in East African Countries (Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania and Comoros) and two Southern African countries (Malawi and Zambia). For the sake of simplicity, all the above countries will be collectively referred to as “East African countries”.

In the framework of the project scientific component, the CEANWATCE, this project addressed the WEFE nexus interdependences and evaluated sustainable bridging-gap solutions. The specific objectives was to perform hydrological and water balance assessments, including water uses within a scenario based analysis under different climate pressures and management practices focusing on the Lake Victoria basin (LVB).

Extreme climate events such as drought and floods with severe impacts over the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) have been on the rise over the past decades. These events negatively impact the regional ecosystem, livelihood, and economy which heavily depends on rain-fed agriculture, while in the energy sector largely depends on hydropower, thus shifts and variability in rainfall and temperature could hinder the development and economic growth of the region.

Hydrological fluxes, land use and climate change are significant processes in the biogeochemical processes and agricultural productivity in the Lake Victoria Basin. The objective was to elicit hydrological trends with attendant quality and quantity components, assess land use change patterns as well as implications of climate change on maize yields in the LVB.

Blue Nile River is the main source of water for hundreds of millions of people in Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt. Natural resources in the Nile Basin are under enormous pressure due to population growth, economic development, increased energy and food needs. Among the multiple challenges the Blue Nile Basin poses, figures boldly the impact of land use on the water quality and quantity. Consequently, the impact produced on human and ecosystem health as a result of water quality deterioration and water quantity depletion is a cause for high concern.

This study analyzes past and future scenarios for the water-energy-food-ecosystem (WEFE) nexus in the Blue Nile Basin in Sudan. Water availability, hydropower generation, irrigation water supply, and environmental flows are the components considered in the current assessment. A calibrated daily rainfall-runoff and water allocation model was used to quantify the four nexus components and their interlinkages.

This study Examines the Water, Energy, Food and Ecosystem (WEFE) nexus assessment in the Niger Delta basin of Nigeria. One major component of the Niger Delta basin is that it has been a constant receptor of the unrelenting pressure and assault in the ecosystem and this has adversely affected the living condition of the people.

The study area covered the Niger River Basin (NRB) in the northern part of Nigeria. The basin has an area of approximately 2.3 million sq km spreading over 10 countries. The Basin has its largest part in Mali, Niger and Nigeria, each covering about 25% of the total basin area with approximately 100 million people earning livelihood  mainly  on the traditional, low input,  rainfed farming, nomadic animal rearing and  small scale irrigated agriculture.

Dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du projet E-Nexus, il est prévu le développement et l’implémentation d’un modèle hydrologique pour l’estimation du bilan hydrologique et la gestion de l’eau, la production agricole, le maintien des écosystèmes. A cet effet, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) a été identifié comme le modèle hydrologique à développer sur le bassin du Niger.

West Africa, particularly the Sudano-Sahelian zone, has experienced unprecedented climate variability in recent decades. Despite some periods of respite, the statistics do not really plead for a return to better climatic conditions, precisely rainfall. Beyond the structural aspect of this climate variability, many effects have been observed on socio-economic activities and also on socio-cultural practices. This situation has a dramatic impact on water resources and inparticular on the hydrology of West African transboundary basins such as those of Senegal and Gambia.